It’s no accident players are safer yet hit harder and run faster than ever because of the design of the equipment.
The ball is inflated leather. Pretty much standardized so far as surface and size.PADS
Shoulder padding varies by position with linemen having the heaviest and largest to provide more area to slam into the opponent.

Chest padding for the Quarterback and the running backs and wide receivers has become more standard as the players being hit at higher speeds appreciate some extra protection for their ribs and kidneys.


SHOES: More for advertising these days but the bottoms, the parts that contact the field have been changing as the size and shapes of the cleats undergo constant changes to get a better grip at low speeds for the linemen and lighter cleats for the runners.
HELMETS:
This is the biggest concern of the game as head injuries are life-changing. Helmets have become stronger outside while providing more give via the cut-outs and the inside padding so the skull is more protected than ever.

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